Administering Insulin to an Unconscious Diabetic: What to Do and Not to Do

When a diabetic patient is unconscious, proper care becomes imperative to prevent severe complications. However, administering insulin to an unconscious individual is a delicate task fraught with risks. Understanding the correct procedures and knowing what to avoid can be the difference between life and death for the patient.

Introduction to Administering Insulin

In cases where a patient's serum glucose level is determined to be in abnormal range, the doctor will order the appropriate amount of insulin to bring the blood glucose (BG) back to a safe level. This process is typically done under medical supervision. However, when the patient is unconscious and unable to communicate, it is crucial to follow the instructions provided by the healthcare professionals.

What to Do

Here are some actions you can take if you are in a situation where an unconscious individual who is diabetic might require insulin administration:

Check for Glucose Gel: If the patient has glucose gel, you can apply it under their gums to help raise their blood sugar levels. This is a common method used to quickly increase blood glucose in individuals with hypoglycemia. Wait for Medical Help: It is essential to wait for emergency medical assistance. Do not attempt to administer insulin yourself unless you are trained in such procedures. Incorrect dosing can lead to further complications. Look for Glucagon Injection: Some diabetics carry a glucagon injection. This is a medication that can quickly raise blood glucose levels in cases of severe hypoglycemia. However, using glucagon should only be done if you are trained in its administration and the patient's condition is known.

What Not to Do

There are certain actions you should avoid in this critical situation:

Do NOT Administer Insulin: You don’t—ever. An unconscious diabetic is much more likely to already have had too much insulin than to need more. Administering additional insulin without knowing the patient's current condition can lead to severe hypoglycemia, a serious and potentially fatal condition. Do NOT Use Glucagon Without Training: If the patient has a glucagon injection, do not use it unless you are trained in its use and you understand the indications. Incorrect use can cause severe side effects and may compound the patient's issues.

Conclusion

Proper care of an unconscious diabetic requires a quick and informed response. While administering insulin is crucial in many cases, doing so improperly can be fatal. Always have a plan in place and ensure that you seek immediate medical assistance. Proper training and readiness can make all the difference in saving the life of an unconscious diabetic.