Calculating Grams of Calcium Hydroxide in a Solution

Introduction:

Calcium hydroxide, also known as Ca(OH)?, is a calcium salt commonly used in various industries due to its chemical properties. Understanding how to calculate the grams of Ca(OH)? in a given solution can be crucial in applications where precision is paramount, such as in industrial processes and laboratory research. This article will guide you through the process of finding the grams of Ca(OH)? in a 1500 mL of a 0.0250 M solution, utilizing concepts like molarity, molar mass, and solubility.

Molarity Calculation and Grams Calculation

To determine the grams of Ca(OH)? in a 1500 mL of a 0.0250 M solution of Ca(OH)?, follow these steps:

Step 1: Convert Milliliters to Liters

First, convert the volume of the solution from milliliters (mL) to liters (L).

(1500 , text{mL} 1.500 , text{L})

Step 2: Calculate the Number of Moles

Use the molarity formula to calculate the number of moles of Ca(OH)? in the solution.

( text{Moles} text{Molarity} times text{Volume in L})

( 0.0250 , text{M} times 1.500 , text{L} 0.0375 , text{moles} )

Step 3: Calculate the Molar Mass of Ca(OH)?

Calculate the molar mass of Ca(OH)? using the atomic weights of its constituent elements.

Calcium (Ca): 40.08 g/mol Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol (2 atoms) Hydrogen (H): 1.01 g/mol (2 atoms)

( text{Molar mass of Ca(OH)?} 40.08 (2 times 16.00) (2 times 1.01) 74.10 , text{g/mol} )

Step 4: Calculate the Mass of Ca(OH)?

Finally, use the number of moles and the molar mass to find the mass of Ca(OH)? in the solution.

( text{Mass} text{Moles} times text{Molar mass} )

( 0.0375 , text{moles} times 74.10 , text{g/mol} 2.78 , text{g} )

Additional Applications and Insights

The solubility of Ca(OH)? in water is approximately 0.233 g/L. Given this solubility and assuming a more concentrated solution, we can calculate the number of moles of Ca(OH)? in a 1.5 L solution:

( text{Molarity} frac{0.233 , text{g/L}}{74 , text{g/mol}} 0.0031 , text{mol/L} )

( text{Number of moles} text{Molarity} times text{Volume in L} )

( 0.0031 , text{mol/L} times 1.5 , text{L} 0.00465 , text{mol} )

( text{Mass of Ca(OH)?} 0.00465 , text{mol} times 74.10 , text{g/mol} 0.3441 , text{g} )

These calculations are useful not only in laboratory settings but also in understanding the practical applications of Ca(OH)? in various industries, such as in the production of cement, wastewater treatment, and as a buffering agent in chemical processes.

Conclusion

Through these steps, you can accurately determine the grams of Ca(OH)? in a solution of a given molarity. Understanding the molar mass and solubility of Ca(OH)? is essential for various applications, whether in academic research or industrial processes. By following the detailed calculations provided, you can ensure precision and reliability in your chemical analyses.