Can Constant Use of Glasses Improve Myopia?

Myopia, commonly known as shortsightedness, is a vision condition where the eyes are unable to see distant objects clearly. Ben Wilkinson, FRCSC discusses the development of myopia and the factors that contribute to its increasing prevalence. This article explains why constant use of glasses does not necessarily improve myopia and explores alternative treatments and management strategies.

Understanding Myopia

Myopia is often hereditary and develops with growth, peaking around the age of 17-21. There is ongoing debate about the specific causes of myopia, with one popular theory being that the condition is linked to rapid growth and changes in nutrition, particularly in Japan. After World War I, changes in diet led to a significant growth spurt in the Japanese population, accompanied by a notable increase in myopia rates.

Prevalence and Risk Factors

High myopia, defined as a prescription of -6.00D or more, carries an increased risk of certain complications. These complications can be attributed to the stress between the size of the sclera, the outer tough layer of the eye, and the retina, which is derived from different types of tissue in the embryo.

Treatments for Myopia

Several methods can correct the refractive error caused by myopia. These include

Glasses and contact lenses: These simple yet effective methods help to normalize vision. Orthokeratology: A system where contact lenses are worn at night to reshape the cornea, providing daytime correction without the need for lenses. Refractive surgery: Procedures such as LASIK alter the curvature of the cornea to correct vision permanently.

These treatments aim to improve vision by correcting the refractive error caused by myopia.

Arguments Against the Myth

A prevalent misconception is that wearing glasses all the time can improve myopia. However, this belief lacks scientific evidence. Dr. Ben Wilkinson emphasizes that glasses do not influence the progression of myopia.

Effect of Wearing Glasses: Wearing glasses enables the eyes to behave normally by allowing them to maintain focus at a distance. Removing glasses temporarily, similar to using reading glasses for up to moderate prescriptions, does not alter the condition of myopia.

Advising on Eyewear Usage

Dr. Wilkinson's Recommendation: He suggests that individuals who frequently require glasses should wear them consistently. This approach minimizes the risk of losing or damaging the glasses and ensures that the eyes receive optimal visual stimuli.

Conclusion

While glasses do not improve myopia, they can help manage the condition and ensure that the eyes function normally. Understanding the myths and facts about myopia can help individuals make informed decisions about their eye health. Regular check-ups and consultation with an ophthalmologist are crucial for monitoring and managing myopia effectively.