Can Sumac Spice Cause Allergic Reactions?

Yes, sumac spice can potentially cause allergic reactions in some individuals. While it is generally considered safe for most people, those with a known allergy to the cashew family (Anacardiaceae) which includes sumac, may experience allergic reactions. Symptoms can range from mild, such as skin irritation or gastrointestinal issues, to severe, such as anaphylaxis.

Developing Allergies

People can develop an allergy to anything, including sumac spice. Allergies can also develop at any time in a person's life. The most common food allergies, often referred to as the 'top 8', include dairy, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, soy, and wheat. These are just the most common. There are other allergies, such as to spices, fruits, and vegetables, which are somewhat common. Some allergies are rare, and you wouldn’t necessarily think that people could be allergic to things like sugar, beef, or even water.

Consulting a Healthcare Professional

If you suspect an allergy to sumac or any other spice, it is best to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and guidance. Contacting your doctor after a possible reaction is highly recommended to get an allergy test. This way, you’ll know for sure and will be able to get a prescription for an epinephrine injector.

The Top 8 Most Common Food Allergies

Skin Contact and Poison Sumac

It's worth noting that while sumac spice is generally safe when ingested, it is important to be aware of the risks of skin contact. Contact with the oil of a poison sumac plant causes an allergic skin reaction known as contact dermatitis. All parts of a poison sumac plant are poisonous, and the oils remain active even after the plant dies. Symptoms of a poison sumac rash appear 8–48 hours after exposure and can last for weeks.

Other Allergic Reactions

Anything can be an allergen, and rarely, people are even allergic to Benadryl and steroids, which would be used to treat an allergic reaction. Sumac spice, as a spice, is generally sold in powdered form, and there is always the possibility of any powdered spice being adulterated or contaminated with nuts, which can also cause allergic reactions.

Food Intolerances and Allergies

Sumac certainly has the potential to be an allergen, or more likely, the subject of a food intolerance, being in the genus Rhus and the family Anacardiaceae. The genus Rhus includes Rhus toxicohedron, poison ivy/poison oak, and the family Anacardiaceae includes Anacardium occidentale (the cashew nut) and Anacardium orientale (the marking nut). While these are poisons rather than allergens, the common toxin is identified as urushiol. Mango (Mangifera indica, in the family Anacardiaceae) is also known to cause allergic reactions, particularly the skin of the fruit, but all parts of the tree are allergens to some people.

Citric Acid and Intolerance

Sumac spice is also very sharp due to citric acid and vitamin C. Some people do suffer from intolerance to citric acid, which can manifest as gastrointestinal issues and other symptoms.

Traditional Usage and Homeopathy

Apart from culinary uses, sumac is used as a gout remedy in traditional Arabic medicine. It makes a pleasant tea, described as red and sharper than rooibos. Interestingly, both varieties of Anacardium are used in homeopathy to marked effect on the mind.

Conclusion

While sumac spice can cause allergic reactions, it is important to note that these reactions are not as common as allergies to more well-known foods. If you suspect you have an allergy to sumac or any spice, consulting a healthcare professional is crucial. Proper diagnosis and management can help you avoid serious health issues.