Choosing the Right Preposition: 'In', 'About', and 'Around' in English

When it comes to choosing the correct preposition in English, especially in formal or precise writing, the right word can make a significant difference. This guide will explore the correct usage of 'in', 'about', and 'around' with specific examples and explanations.

Understanding the Context

To ensure clarity and correctness, it is important to understand how different prepositions are used in various contexts. This is particularly crucial when dealing with precise or approximate dates, locations, or concepts.

Exactness vs. Imprecision

A. exactness

If you are referring to a specific year, month, or location, you should use 'in'. For example:

The dog was born in August 1998.

Here, 'in' denotes a specific time period within the year 1998. When you are talking about a precise place, 'in' is also appropriate:

I will meet you in the library tomorrow.

Approximation and Context

B. approximation

If you are dealing with an approximate date, month, or year, you should use 'about' or 'around'. For example:

The first use of the plague was about 1400.

Here, 'about' indicates that the actual date is not known with precision.

The first outbreak of the plague occurred around 1920.

Similarly, 'around' also indicates that the year is approximate:

The Role of 'In'

C. combining 'in' and 'around/bout'

When you combine 'around' or 'about' with 'in', the sentence usually becomes clearer. For example:

She might have begun her studies in around 1990.

Here, 'in around 1990' provides more clarity than using either 'in' or 'around' alone.

If you are not sure, use in about, as in 'The event took place in about 2020.' This combination is often more acceptable and avoids any confusion.

Regional Differences

However, it is important to note that regional differences may influence the correct choice of preposition. A native English speaker in the UK, like the author of this piece, may favor the use of 'in about,' particularly when referring to a more approximate time frame. This phrasing can be seen as slightly more formal or precise in everyday British English.

Example: 'The purchase was made in about 2015.' (Native UK English)

In American English, 'about' and 'around' might be preferred more frequently:

Example: 'The purchase was made about 2015.' (Native US English)

Both versions are correct, but the choice can depend on the writing style and regional preference.

Conclusion

Choosing the right preposition in English is crucial for clarity and precision. Whether you are referring to a specific point in time with 'in' or an approximate time with 'about' or 'around', the correct choice can make a significant difference in the accuracy and understanding of your writing. By following the guidelines and examples provided in this guide, you can ensure that your writing is both clear and correct.