Emergency Asthma Care Without an Inhaler: A Paramedic’s Guide

Asthma exacerbations can be life-threatening, especially when a patient does not have access to their prescribed inhaler. Paramedics play a critical role in handling such situations. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how paramedics manage asthma attacks in the absence of an inhaler.

Assessment

The first step in managing an asthmatic patient without an inhaler is a thorough assessment. Paramedics evaluate the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs) to determine the severity of the condition. They also gather a detailed history of the asthma attack, including any known triggers and the severity of the symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.

Positioning

To facilitate breathing, paramedics position the patient in a comfortable and upright sitting position. This position can help in opening the airways and allowing the patient to breathe more easily.

Oxygen Administration

Supplemental oxygen is administered to improve oxygen saturation levels. This is particularly important if the patient is hypoxic, with the target SpO2 level being above 94 percent.

Treatments and Medications

Paramedics may use a variety of treatments and medications to manage the asthma attack. These include:

Neulogic Therapy: If available, a nebulizer with a bronchodilator like albuterol is used to open the airways. This treatment is often administered in a pre-hospital setting.

Systemic Corticosteroids: In severe or prolonged asthma attacks, paramedics may administer systemic corticosteroids such as dexamethasone to reduce inflammation.

Monitoring

Continuous monitoring of the patient's vital signs is essential. Paramedics keep a watchful eye on the patient's heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation levels. They also look out for signs of worsening conditions such as increased respiratory distress.

Transport and Communication

If the patient's condition does not improve or if they present with severe symptoms, they will be transported to the hospital for further evaluation and treatment. Before transport, paramedics communicate with the receiving medical facility about the patient's condition and any treatments administered during the transport.

These steps ensure that the patient receives appropriate care to manage their asthma exacerbation effectively, even in the absence of their usual inhaler. Proper communication and adherence to established protocols are crucial in providing the best possible care during such emergencies.

Conclusion

Paramedics follow established protocols to manage asthma attacks in the absence of an inhaler. Their treatments may include oxygen therapy, bronchodilators, and corticosteroids. It is essential to carry prescribed medications and communicate your medical history to ensure appropriate emergency care.

Keywords: asthma treatment, paramedic protocols, emergency care, without inhaler