Flossing Is Essential: Understanding Its Benefits and Why It Matters

While brushing your teeth is undoubtedly crucial, its effectiveness in preventing dental issues is often overestimated. Dentists have long emphasized the importance of flossing, but the rationale behind it is more complex than simply keeping the visible part of your gums clean. This article delves into the benefits of flossing and elaborates on why it remains a vital component of your oral hygiene routine.

Understanding the Risks of Not Flossing

Most people are aware that brushing removes the visible layers of plaque from their teeth, which can help prevent gingivitis. However, what many overlook is that the majority of the gum line is located where teeth touch and between the teeth. This hidden area, representing approximately 85% of the gum surface, is where serious periodontal diseases often occur, such as bone loss. These conditions can develop without causing pain, which is why regular flossing is so important. While tools like WaterPiks can be effective, flossing remains the gold standard in areas where dental erosion is prevalent.

A recent study1 confirmed that brushing and flossing do not necessarily prevent the development of cavities. Several indigenous populations around the world, who have never brushed or flossed their teeth, have never experienced dental cavities. This counters the long-held belief that dental hygiene practices are essential for cavity prevention.

The Four Key Factors in Tooth Decay

To understand why flossing is crucial, it's important to recognize the four key factors contributing to tooth decay:

Saliva: The quality of saliva varies from person to person, and it plays a significant role in protecting the teeth. pH level: The acidity of the areas around teeth, which is controlled by the bacteria present, affects the health of the teeth. Diet: The presence of sugar and carbohydrates in one's diet can contribute to tooth decay. Bacteria: The specific types of bacteria present in the oral cavity also play a crucial role.

No matter how effectively you brush, it is almost impossible to remove all bacteria with a toothbrush. This is because the oral cavity is home to over 150 different bacterial species, which can rapidly re-populate the teeth and gum line.

The Role of Flossing in Preventing Gum Disease

Flossing not only removes plaque but also helps prevent gum bleeding. When you don't floss, you will experience bleeding between your teeth due to the build-up of plaque. This, however, is gingivitis, which is the precursor to several types of periodontal diseases. Gingivitis, while uncomfortable, does not directly cause cavities. Flossing, therefore, is primarily focused on preventing gum diseases, which can have more severe consequences if left untreated.

Operative Dentistry and Its Limitations

Traditional dental procedures, often referred to as operative dentistry, mainly focus on repairing cavities through fillings. This approach is based on the assumption that these procedures can "cure" tooth decay by removing the affected areas and restoring the tooth. However, the root cause of tooth decay is often not addressed. In reality, this practice is akin to addressing the symptoms while the problem persists. Studies have shown that Streptococcus mutans, a bacterium responsible for dental caries, has over 39 strains, some of which are highly aggressive and can lead to rampant cavities. To effectively control cavities, it is essential to manage not just the visible decay but also the bacterial population.

A New Perspective on Preventing Dental Decay

Dr. John Featherstone's research highlights the need to change the bacterial strain population mix of Streptococcus mutans to prevent cavities. This involves a holistic approach to dental care, not just mechanical cleaning. Instead of relying solely on brushing and flossing, patients can take more proactive measures to control the bacterial environment. This includes using chlorine laundry bleach, a widely accessible and effective tool in managing oral bacterial populations.

A simple and effective method is to mix two teaspoons of chlorine laundry bleach into a quart of water and rinse with one ounce once a week for ten weeks. This treatment has been shown to reduce the number of aggressive bacterial strains, providing a long-lasting preventive effect. Though it may taste terrible, the benefits are significant in managing tooth decay.

It’s also worth noting that Xylitol, a naturally occurring sugar substitute, can be used in chewing gums to help control bacterial growth. Regular use of xylitol in oral hygiene products can significantly reduce cavities by disrupting the growth of harmful bacteria.

Conclusion

While brushing is essential, flossing plays a crucial role in maintaining oral health, especially in areas where the concentration of bacteria is higher. By understanding the complex interplay of factors leading to tooth decay and adopting a comprehensive approach to oral hygiene, including regular flossing and using innovative tools like diluted bleach solutions, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing severe dental issues.

Remember, the key to a healthy smile is more than just routine brushing. Flossing and other scientifically-backed preventive measures can make a significant difference in your oral health journey.

References:

Featherstone, J.D., Jenson, L.A., Budenz, A.W., et al., ldquo;Clinical Protocols for Caries Management by Risk Assessmentrdquo;.