Precautions for Pregnant Women Suffering from Dengue Fever: Ensuring Maternal and Fetal Health

Introduction

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral infection that can pose significant health risks to pregnant women and their developing fetuses. This article will discuss the potential complications of dengue fever during pregnancy, preventive measures, and healthcare guidelines to ensure the well-being of both the mother and the baby.

Risks of Dengue Fever during Pregnancy

1. Maternal Health: Pregnant women with dengue fever might experience severe complications such as hemorrhage, organ failure, and shock, which can be life-threatening.

2. Fetal Health: Dengue infection can adversely affect the developing fetus, leading to potential risks such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and fetal distress. In severe cases, it can result in stillbirth.

3. Vertical Transmission: Although rare, the virus can be transmitted from the mother to the baby during childbirth or through breastfeeding. However, this risk is generally considered low.

4. Increased Severity: Due to changes in the immune system, pregnant women may experience more severe symptoms of dengue fever. This underscores the importance of timely medical intervention and monitoring.

Preventive Measures for Dengue Fever in Pregnant Women

To minimize the risk of contracting dengue fever during pregnancy, pregnant women should take several preventive measures:

Consult a Healthcare Professional

The first step is to consult with a family physician or gynecologist. They can provide guidance on preventive measures and recommend regular check-ups.

Prevent Mosquito Bites

Employing effective mosquito bite prevention strategies is crucial. Use insect repellent containing DEET or picaridin, wear long-sleeved shirts and pants, and sleep under mosquito nets if necessary.

Stay Hydrated

Good hydration is vital to manage dengue fever symptoms. Drink plenty of oral fluids such as coconut water, fruit juices, and citrus fruits like oranges to stay well-hydrated. Fresh fruits like kiwis, papayas, and dragon fruits can also be beneficial.

Manage Fever

If a fever develops, one should take paracetamol (e.g., Dolo, Crocin, Fepanil) as directed. Do not use aspirin or ibuprofen, as these can pose additional risks.

Monitor Platelet Count

Regular monitoring of the platelet count through CBC blood reports is essential. A normal platelet count range is 150,000–450,000/cmm. If the platelet count falls below 100,000, seek immediate medical attention and consider hospital admission.

Complementary Herbal Remedies

Incorporating complementary remedies such as papaya leaf juice, which can be taken with 1-2 teaspoons daily, may also help support overall health during this time.

Conclusion

Given the potential risks associated with dengue fever during pregnancy, it is crucial for expectant mothers to be proactive in taking preventive measures and seeking timely medical advice. By following these guidelines, women can significantly reduce the risk of complications and ensure the health and well-being of both themselves and their developing offspring.