Sleeping Arrangements for Submariners on Long Surface Missions

Life aboard a submarine during long missions can be challenging, particularly when the vessel is surfaced but not docked. This article explores the sleeping conditions faced by submariners, from the practical to the unimaginably somber.

Modern Sleeping Conditions on Surface Submarines

When a submarine surfaces for an extended period, the sleeping arrangements for the crew are often somewhat basic, though designed to be functional. Submariners primarily sleep in berthing areas or in the torpedo room, where mattresses are placed on bunks between weapons. Despite these conditions, the environment can be surprisingly tranquil when the submarine is not moving. A submariner's experience can vary greatly based on the weather and speed of the sub. In colder conditions and without the dampening effect of vibrations, sailors often find the sleeping quarters stuffy and cold. United States Navy submarines, for example, typically provide one blanket during such missions, which can be inadequate for particularly brisk nights.

Historical Sleeping Conditions on Surface Submarines

Historically, the sleeping conditions aboard submarines were far more austere. Crews may have faced vastly different scenarios, from sleeping arrangements in storage areas where equipment and ammunition are stored, to embalming and even cremation in extreme circumstances. Such scenarios, while not common, reflect the harsh realities of naval warfare.

Berthing Areas and Torpedo Rooms

On modern submarines, sleeping quarters for enlisted men are generally located in berthing areas or in the torpedo room. These areas typically consist of bunks arranged along the walls, with mattresses placed on the racks between weapons. However, these conditions can be harsh; the bunks are often cold and inadequately insulated, and the atmosphere can be confined and stuffy. In some cases, sailors may only have one blanket to keep warm, which can be particularly uncomfortable when the weather is crisp.

Officers' Sleeping Quarters

Officers typically have more comfortable sleeping quarters. They reside in the Officers' Country, a series of passageways containing staterooms for junior and senior officers. These compartments, though modest by civilian standards, provide a more luxurious environment compared to the quarters for enlisted personnel. Despite the relatively spacious living conditions, officers may still experience similar challenges, such as the stuffiness and cold temperatures that come with extended surface missions.

Submarine Compartments

The submarine is divided into several compartments, each designed for different functions. Four of these compartments are designated for sleeping: the Forward Torpedo Room (FTR) with 9-10 bunks, the After Torpedo Room (ATR) with 9-10 bunks, the Crew's Quarters with 36 bunks, and the Officers' Quarters with 3, 4, and 5 bunks. Each of these compartments is fully equipped with bunks to accommodate the crew.

Environmental Conditions

The environment aboard a submarine during surface missions can vary greatly depending on the conditions. When the submarine is moving, it can vibrate significantly, especially at speeds above 30 knots (approximately 55 kilometers per hour). This vibration can make it challenging to sleep. However, when stationary or cruising at a slower pace, the environment can be surprisingly quiet. In such conditions, submariners may find it easier to sleep, as the lack of movement can provide a more stable and comfortable sleeping environment.

Conclusion

Submariners face a unique set of challenges when sleeping during long surface missions. While the conditions can often be harsh and uncomfortable, these sailors ensure the safety and success of their missions. Understanding the sleeping arrangements and environmental conditions on submarines provides valuable insight into the sacrifices and stoicism required of those who serve in such demanding roles.