The Impact of Transgender Hormone Therapy on Muscle Strength

Transgender hormone therapy (HRT) can significantly affect muscle strength and performance, but the extent of these changes varies based on the individual's initial muscle mass and the direction of their transition—male-to-female (MTF) or female-to-male (FTM).

Personal Experiences of HRT Impact on Muscle Strength

My journey with HRT and its effect on muscle strength began in 2007 when I started running seriously at the age of 50. Over the years, my performance showed a consistent improvement until 2016, where I reached my peak, even beating members of armed forces teams in several Half Ironmans. By 2020, my performance started to slow down, with my times showing a marked decrease of 10–15% since starting HRT seven months ago. My Male Age Grade dropped to 57, while my Female Age Grade increased to 67. This ties in with the research conducted by Joanna Harper, an advisor to the IOC, which suggests that transgender athletes post-HRT will have a Female Age Grade comparable to their Male Age Grade.

Although I don't engage in weightlifting, I have noticed a struggle with lifting and carrying objects since starting HRT. My heart rate has remained the same, indicating similar effort levels but slower performance—a common phenomenon observed in many individuals undergoing HRT.

General Observations on Hormone Therapy and Muscle Strength

MTF individuals typically experience a reduction in muscle mass and strength, particularly in the muscles of the upper body, due to the decrease in androgen receptors. FTM individuals, on the other hand, see an increase in muscle mass and strength in the same areas as a result of the added androgens from HRT.

A personal account from a MTF individual provides a vivid illustration of these changes. This individual mentioned that they started noticing a difference within the first three months of transitioning, finding it harder to breathe and lift objects as they used to. Activities like operating gas-powered hedge trimmers, which were previously manageable, became increasingly exhausting. These changes coincided with improvement in their sense of smell, with flowers and foul odors becoming more pronounced.

The transition of roles and work requirements in the new gender identity may also play a role in physical changes. For instance, the gardener mentioned was no longer able to continue heavy-duty work without doubling their effort, suggesting that workplace and recreational activities can exacerbate or accelerate these changes.

Conclusion

The impact of transgender hormone therapy on muscle strength is complex and can vary significantly from person to person. Understanding these changes can help transgender individuals and professionals better prepare for the potential adjustments in their physical abilities. Whether transitioning MTF or FTM, it is important to seek professional guidance and support throughout the process.