Understanding Factors That Make Individuals Vulnerable to AIDS

AIDS, or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, is a progression of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). It occurs when HIV is left untreated or the infected person does not follow the recommended treatment regimen over a prolonged period.

The Distinction Between HIV and AIDS

It's common to get confused between HIV and AIDS, so let's address both questions. The main difference lies in the progression of the immune system and the presence of opportunistic infections. While HIV damages the immune system, AIDS manifests when the CD4 or T-cell count drops to less than 200 cells/mm3.

Key Points:

AIDS is the result of HIV left untreated. HIV can be managed with treatment, preventing progression to AIDS.

People Susceptible to HIV

Identifying individuals who are more susceptible to HIV includes several risk factors:

Unprotected Sex: Engaging in sexual activities without the protection of a condom increases the risk of HIV transmission. IV Drug Users: Sharing needles among intravenous (IV) drug users has been a significant risk factor for HIV transmission. Mental Health and Substance Abuse: Individuals with mental health issues or substance abuse problems may be less likely to avoid high-risk behaviors such as unprotected sex or drug abuse. Domestic Violence: Those in violent relationships may be less likely to seek or adhere to HIV prevention measures. Intellectual Functioning: People with lower intellectual functioning may face more challenges in understanding and adhering to safe practices. Concurrent STDs: Having other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) can increase susceptibility to HIV as these can create additional entry points into the bloodstream.

Other high-risk scenarios include:

Babies born to HIV-positive mothers who have not received appropriate treatment. Breastfeeding by HIV-positive mothers, which can transmit the virus to the baby. Healthcare workers who do not adhere to universal precautions, such as wearing gloves.

People Susceptible to AIDS

AIDS develops when HIV is left untreated or when people with a known HIV-positive status do not follow prescribed treatment regimens. This leads to a deterioration of the immune system, resulting in a CD4 or T-cell count below 200, which makes the body vulnerable to opportunistic infections.

Key Factors:

Lack of Knowledge: Individuals who do not know their HIV status and do not seek treatment are at high risk. Lack of Adherence: Those who know their HIV status but do not take prescribed medications as directed are also at risk.

Overcoming Barriers to Prevention

As someone who works with HIV-positive individuals, it's not about a lack of knowledge on how to protect oneself (such as using condoms). The real challenge lies in the following:

Mental Health: Mental health issues can impede decision-making. Substance Abuse: Addiction can make it difficult to adhere to safe practices. Domestic Violence: Victims of domestic violence may be less likely to prioritize their health.

Addressing these barriers is crucial in preventing HIV and, ultimately, AIDS.

Risk Factors For HIV

One of the primary risk factors for HIV includes those who engage in:

Unsafe Sex: Engaging in sexual activities without using protection. Drug Users: Using intravenous drugs and sharing needles. Sex Workers: Individuals who engage in paid sexual activities. Previously Infected with STDs: History of sexually transmitted diseases.

Understanding these risk factors helps individuals make informed decisions and takes necessary precautions to prevent HIV infection.