Understanding Low Vision as a Physical Disability

Low vision, a term often used to describe significantly impaired or limited vision that cannot be fully corrected with eyewear, can indeed be classified as a physical disability. This article explores the nuances between physical and sensory disabilities, and how low vision fits into these definitions.

What Constitutes a Physical Disability?

A disability is observed when the normal activities of an individual are impaired or limited due to sensory issues. For instance, if an individual can read or write without the use of glasses, their vision is not considered disabled. This article delves into the importance of distinguishing between physical and sensory disabilities, and how low vision relates to these categories.

Is Low Vision a Physical or Sensory Disability?

The U.S. definition of legal blindness is defined as 20/200 acuity, which is the best vision in the better eye with correction, and a visual field of 20 degrees or less. This condition is categorized as a sensory disability. Similarly, the inability to walk, certain amputations, and difficulty using limbs, such as grasp and hold items, are considered physical disabilities.

Defining Physical Disabilities

Physical disabilities include conditions that hinder an individual's physical ability to perform everyday activities. These may include:

Walking Ampautations Wrist or hand inability to use arms Balance issues Grasp and hold items

Defining Sensory Disabilities

Sensory disabilities, on the other hand, affect the senses. These include the inability to read normal print or any print, difficulty seeing objects at 200 feet that most can see at 20 feet, and hearing well enough to detect an oncoming automobile or comprehend normal speech in a quiet room. The only senses specifically listed in the U.S. definition are sight and hearing. Damage to other senses, such as smell, taste, touch, balance, time, and proprioception, are not included as disabilities.

The Importance of Differentiating Between Physical and Sensory Disabilities

It is crucial to understand the distinction between physical and sensory disabilities. Physical disabilities involve the body's structure and function, while sensory disabilities directly impact the senses. Low vision, therefore, falls under sensory disabilities and also indirectly impacts physical activities that rely on vision.

Conclusion

Low vision is a significant aspect of sensory disabilities and can greatly affect an individual's quality of life. Understanding its impact and classification is vital for both individuals with low vision and those who support them. Proper awareness and measures can help in improving their daily functioning and overall well-being.

References

For further reading and detailed information on the definitions provided, refer to American Foundation for the Blind and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.