Understanding the Evolution of ADHD Diagnosis: From ADD to ADHD

The terms Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are often mistakenly used interchangeably, leading to confusion. However, these terms represent the same condition, albeit under different names over time. This article delves into the history and evolution of these terms, helping to clarify the current understanding of ADHD.

The Historical Overview of ADHD

The concept of ADHD as a distinct condition was first discovered in 1902 by Dr. Edward Lee Bolin. Over the next few decades, it was given various names based on the understanding of the disorder. Some of the terms used include organic drivenness, Minimal Brain Injury, Minimal Brain Damage, Minimal Brain Dysfunction, hyperactivity, and the hyperactive child syndrome. These names reflected the limited knowledge and evolving understanding of the condition during this period.

From ADD to ADHD: The Change in Terminology

1980-1987: The ADD Era
During this time, the condition was generally referred to as Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). There were two types of ADD: ADD with Hyperactivity and ADD without hyperactivity. This term was widely used in medical and psychological literature, and the public became quite familiar with the term.

1987: The Shift to ADHD
With the release of the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III), the name was officially changed to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This change reflected the understanding that the disorder could present in different ways, including primarily inattentive, hyperactive, or a combination of both.

1987-1994: A Decade of Transition
During this period, many doctors and psychologists continued to use the term ADD, as it was more familiar to both providers and patients. Additionally, some individuals protested against the use of the term ADHD, particularly if they did not experience hyperactivity. Nevertheless, by 1994, with the release of the DSM-IV, the name ADHD and its various subtypes (inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive, and combined) were firmly established.

Current Understanding and Usage

Today, the term ADD is no longer recognized by the medical community. The term ADHD encompasses all aspects of the condition, regardless of whether hyperactivity is present or not. The inattentive type of ADHD, for example, focuses on difficulties with attention, organization, and task completion. The hyperactive/impulsive type involves symptoms of overactivity and impulsivity, while the combined type includes both inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity.

Key Points to Remember

Add and ADHD are the same condition, with ADD being an outdated term for a condition officially renamed in 1987. ADHD is now diagnosed through a comprehensive evaluation that considers various symptoms and their impact on daily functioning. There are three subtypes of ADHD: inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive, and combined. A proper diagnosis helps tailor effective treatments and management strategies. While the term ADD is occasionally still used, it is important to understand that it is not a medically recognized term in current diagnostic criteria.

Conclusion

The journey from ADD to ADHD represents a significant evolution in our understanding of the condition. While the terminology has changed, the core issues of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity remain. Understanding this evolution helps in recognizing the true nature of ADHD and providing appropriate support for those affected.