Why Do Our Reptilian Brain and Early Emotional Memories Determine Our Responses in Most Situations Instead of Our Conscious Brain?

Are you familiar with the phrase: “Why do our reptilian brain and early emotional memories stored in the mammalian brain determine our response in most situations instead of our conscious brain”? If you ask this question, you might not receive a direct answer. This phrase is often associated with outdated theories related to "pop psychology," which seeks to blame our subconscious mind for our actions without considering the more complex reality of neuroscience. Neuroscientists have long since abandoned such simplistic views, and while clinical psychologists may still encounter misunderstandings rooted in these outdated theories, the modern approach is far more nuanced.

Revisiting the Triune Brain Model

The concept of the "reptilian brain," which once held sway, was proposed by Paul D. MacLean in the 1960s through the 1990s. This model divided the brain into three parts—the reptilian brain, the limbic system (mammalian brain), and the neocortex (mammalian brain)—each governing different types of behavior. However, this model has been thoroughly debunked by modern neuroscience. Advancements in brain imaging technologies have allowed us to observe the brain's actual structure and function, revealing that no distinct "reptilian" or "mammalian" brain exists. Neuroscientists now understand that our behavior is determined by the complex interplay of various brain regions, not by isolated compartments.

The Nature of Emotional Memories

Many believe that emotions are stored along with memories in a separate compartment in the brain, creating emotional memories. However, this is a misconception. While emotional arousal can enhance the formation, storage, and retrieval of memories, the brain does not encode emotions and memories separately. Instead, the same neural pathways are engaged during recall, leading to similar emotional responses as were experienced during the original event. This is why therapy and mindfulness practices can help individuals change their emotional responses to past events, as the new experiences can alter the neural pathways associated with those memories.

The Role of Consciousness

Sometimes, the term "conscious brain" is used to imply that the conscious mind has a direct and controlling influence over our actions. However, the reality is far more complex. The brain, as a whole, processes information and makes decisions far before conscious awareness is aware. Decisions and responses are often initiated in the subconscious, and only later does the conscious mind become aware of the results. This is why we might feel like we have no control over our reactions in certain situations.

Neuroscience and Behavior Learning

Behavior learning begins at birth and continues throughout life. Our experiences, whether positive or negative, shape our responses to similar situations. Memories, whether conscious or unconscious, play a significant role in how we perceive and react to the world around us. Even if we do not have the words to describe the memories, they still inform our actions and responses.

For many, these learned behaviors and responses can lead to negative outcomes, such as pain, fear, and anger. These responses may have been adaptive initially but can become maladaptive over time. When we recall memories, we experience the emotions as if they were happening again, leading to a physical response similar to the original event. This phenomenon, known as the emotional recall effect, can be managed through therapy, mindfulness, and other emotional regulation techniques.

The Impact of Therapy and Mindfulness

With a better understanding of how the brain processes information and forms responses, we can approach our behaviors and emotions with more empathy and understanding. Traditional approaches, such as self-punishment or constant apology, are not the most effective ways to change habits. Therapy, which can include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), psychotherapy, or neurofeedback, can help individuals develop new responses and coping mechanisms.

Mindfulness practices, such as meditation and breathing exercises, can also aid in emotional regulation. By becoming more aware of our thoughts and bodily responses, we can learn to manage emotional triggers more effectively. This new understanding can lead to personal growth and a more positive outlook on life, as we recognize that change is possible and that we are not solely in control of our reactions.

Conclusion

Understanding the complexities of the brain and emotional responses can be empowering. Instead of viewing ourselves as victims of unconscious influences, we can take a proactive approach to change. Whether through therapy or self-improvement, we have the ability to create new neural pathways and develop more adaptive responses. Embracing this new understanding can lead to a more compassionate and growth-oriented approach to our emotions and behaviors.