Understanding Why Your Head Hurts When You Blow Your Nose on a Plane

Have you ever had to blow your nose while on a plane, only to experience an uncomfortable headache that lingers for a while afterwards? This occurs because of a combination of factors involving your sinuses and the air pressure in the cabin. Understanding these factors can help you manage your symptoms and find relief.

The Role of Sinuses in Your Headache

Your sinuses, which are air-filled spaces in your skull, play a critical role in this uncomfortable experience. These sinus cavities can become blocked due to various reasons, such as allergies, colds, or sinitus. When your sinuses are blocked, they can’t easily exhale the air that gets trapped inside them.

Mercury-Descent Syndrome: The Pressure Gradient

When you ascend in a plane, the air pressure decreases as you gain altitude. This decrease in pressure can cause a vacuum effect in your sinuses, allowing air to be pushed out. However, on the descent, the opposite occurs. As the plane comes back down, the air pressure increases, and your sinuses can’t naturally expel the trapped air. This trapped air can lead to significant pressure, causing discomfort and headaches.

How the Eustachian Tubes Are Involved

The Eustachian tubes, which connect the middle ear to the back of the throat, can also be affected by this pressure change. When these tubes are not functioning properly, they can cause a similar issue where air can’t be expelled, leading to pressure differences and discomfort in the ears and sinuses. This is often referred to as barotrauma.

Blowing Your Nose While Holding It Closed

Blowing your nose while holding it closed can exacerbate the pressure issue. By preventing the natural release of trapped air, you force the trapped air deeper into your sinuses or they may press against already inflamed tissue, leading to increased discomfort and possibly a headache. This is why it’s recommended to not hold your nose shut while blowing your nose on a plane.

Preventing Sinus Pressure During Air Travel

To prevent or manage sinus pressure during air travel, consider the following strategies:

Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water before and during your flight to keep your sinuses and nasal passages moist.

Nasal Decongestants: Use over-the-counter nasal decongestants before your flight to help reduce inflammation and open your sinuses.

Eustachian Tube Pops: Use techniques such as swallowing, yawning, or using earplugs to help equalize the pressure in your Eustachian tubes.

Steam Inhalation: Inhaling steam before your flight can help soothe and clear your nasal passages.

Conclusion

The next time you experience a headache after blowing your nose on a plane, remember that it could be the result of blocked sinuses and the pressure changes in the cabin. By understanding the mechanics of this issue, you can take steps to prevent or alleviate the discomfort. Whether it’s hydrating, using over-the-counter medications, or simply practicing proper nose blowing techniques, there are many ways to manage these symptoms effectively.

References

American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. (2021). Eustachian Tube Dysfunction.

National Institute of Health. (2020). Barotrauma.

Harvard Health Publishing. (2020). Managing Sinus Pain and Pressure.